Git Cheat Sheet §

🌐 Remote Operations §

Manage remote repositories and interactions:

• Clone a Repository:

  git clone [url]

• Pull Changes:

  git pull [remote] [branch]

• Push Changes:

  git push [remote] [branch]

• Show Remotes:

  git remote -v

• Add a Remote Repository:

  git remote add [remote-name] [url]

• Fetch Changes:

  git fetch [remote-name]

• Push to All Remotes:

  git push --all [remote-name]

• Delete a Remote Branch:

  git push origin -d [branch-name]

• Rename a Remote:

  git remote rename [old-name] [new-name]

• Remove a Remote:

  git remote remove [remote-name]

• Fetch All Remotes:

  git fetch --all

• Prune Remote-tracking Branches:

  git fetch --prune

📦 Work with Index §

Stage, commit, and manage changes:

• Add Files to Staging:

  git add [file]

  git add .

• Commit Changes:

  git commit

• Amend Last Commit:

  git commit --amend

🚀 Moving HEAD and Merging §

Switch branches, check out commits, merge, and rebase changes:

• Switch Branches:

  git checkout [branch-name]

• Create and Switch Branch:

  git checkout -b [branch-name]

• Check Out a Commit:

  git checkout [commit-hash]

• Merge Branches:

  git merge [branch-name]

• Abort Merge:

  git merge --abort

• Interactive Rebase:

  git rebase -i [base-commit]

• Abort Rebase:

  git rebase --abort

• Cherry-pick a Commit:

  git cherry-pick [commit-hash]

📚 Info/Logging/Commit Tree Show §

View logs, diffs, and commit history:

• Show Commit History:

  git log

• Condensed Commit History:

  git log --oneline

• Graphical Commit History:

  git log --graph

• Filter by Author:

  git log --author="Author Name"

• Decorated Log:

  git log --decorate

• Log All Branches:

  git log --all

• Mnemonic Log:

  git log --all --decorate --oneline --graph  # 'adog'

• Show Changes:

  git diff [commit-hash1] [commit-hash2]

🏷️ Git Tagging §

Manage and use tags for marking specific points in history:

• Create a Tag:

  git tag [tag-name]

• List Tags:

  git tag

• Push Tags:

  git push [remote-name] --tags

• Annotated Tag:

  git tag -a [tag-name] -m "Tag message"

• Show Tag Information:

  git show [tag-name]

⚙️ Options/Configs §

Set configurations:

• Set Global Configuration:

  git config --global user.name "Your Name"

  git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

• List Configurations:

  git config --list

🛠️ Advanced and Miscellaneous §

Handle advanced scenarios, large files, and troubleshoot:

• Track Large Files (Git LFS):

  git lfs track "[file-pattern]"

• List Tracked Large Files (Git LFS):

  git lfs ls-files

💡 Note: Git LFS is used for handling large files efficiently.

• Git Hooks:

  💡 Note: Customize Git hooks for automated scripts on certain Git actions. Located in .git/hooks/.

• Optimize the Local Repository:

  git gc

🧠 Understanding Commit References §

Navigate through commits using various references:

• HEAD: Refers to the current branch’s latest commit.
• HEAD~[n]: Refers to the commit n steps before the HEAD.
• HEAD^[n]: Refers to the n-th parent of the commit pointed to by HEAD (useful in merge commits).

🔍 Git Internals §

Explore the underlying mechanics of Git:

• .git Directory: Where Git stores all repository metadata.
• Objects: The core building blocks in Git’s storage (blobs, trees, commits, tags).
• Refs: References to commit objects (branches, HEAD, tags).
• Index: The staging area where changes are recorded before committing.